Fennel vs anise: what is the difference?
Fennel and anise are two similar-smelling seeds from the same family (Apiaceae); both owe their scent to anethole. They are often used together in teas for gas and indigestion.
Side by side
| Fennel | Anise | |
|---|---|---|
| Latin name | Foeniculum vulgare | Pimpinella anisum |
| Family | Apiaceae | Apiaceae |
| Region | Anatolia and the Mediterranean | Anatolia and the Mediterranean |
| Part used | Seeds, bulb | Fruit (known as seed) |
| Use | Healing, Food | Food, Healing |
| Scientific evidence | Limited | Traditional |
| Safety | Caution | Generally safe |
| Legal status in Türkiye | No specific restriction | No specific restriction |
Key differences
- Fennel seeds are larger and greenish; aniseed is smaller, grey-brown and slightly hairy.
- The European Medicines Agency recognises both for mild digestive complaints and gas; fennel also for period pain, anise also for cough from colds.
- Because fennel contains estragole, it should not be used long-term by young children or in pregnancy. Concentrated anise oil should not be used in pregnancy or by children.
- Both can cause allergy in people allergic to the celery and carrot family.
Which one, when?
Either is fine for a cup after a meal, and their tastes are very close. Ask a doctor before giving them to babies and young children.
Details
The full evidence, safety notes, drug interactions and sources are on each plant’s own page:
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