Valerian or passionflower?
Valerian and passionflower are the two main ingredients of herbal medicines sold in Europe for sleep and anxiety; they are often found in the same tablet.
Side by side
| Valerian | Passionflower | |
|---|---|---|
| Latin name | Valeriana officinalis | Passiflora incarnata |
| Family | Caprifoliaceae | Passifloraceae |
| Region | Anatolia and the Mediterranean | North America |
| Part used | Root and rhizome | Aerial parts |
| Use | Healing | Healing, Food |
| Scientific evidence | Limited | Limited |
| Safety | Generally safe | Generally safe |
| Legal status in Türkiye | No specific restriction | No specific restriction |
Key differences
- The European Medicines Agency recognises valerian root for mild nervous tension and sleep problems, and passionflower for mild stress and to help falling asleep.
- Studies of passionflower in anxiety and pre-operative nerves are positive but small and short. Results of valerian sleep studies are mixed.
- Both can cause drowsiness; they should not be combined with alcohol, sleeping pills or sedatives. Passionflower should not be used in pregnancy.
Which one, when?
Their evidence is similar and modest. Neither should be taken before driving.
Details
The full evidence, safety notes, drug interactions and sources are on each plant’s own page:
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