A shaman’s thousand-year-old pouch
A thousand-year-old leather pouch was found in a cave in Bolivia. Inside were snuff trays, a snuff tube and a bag sewn from three fox snouts. The bag held traces of cocaine, DMT, bufotenine and harmine: coca, yopo and the ayahuasca vine. None of these plants grow there. The shaman who carried the pouch had them brought from far away, and may have used them together.
Source: Melanie J. Miller ve ark., “Chemical evidence for the use of multiple psychotropic plants in a 1,000-year-old ritual bundle from South America”, PNAS 116(23), 2019 (Miller et al., PNAS, 2019). This is a folk record, not a treatment recommendation.
Flour sprinkled on wounds: yarrow